"What we have seen in the last 10 years is increasing concern among successful black men in terms of trying to help other
African American men succeed."
Black Males - The Litmus Test for
No Child Left Behind, 2002
Page 1 and Page 2
Florida State University System Black Male
Graduates (Bachelor's degree) 2005
Black male 5th graders from zip
code 33610 and the 43
elementary schools they
attended in 2007
Black male 8th graders from zip
code 33610 and the 20 middle
schools they attended in 2007
Black male high school
students from zip code 33610
and the high schools they
attended in 2007
The invisible men
Black male students have the most trouble
navigating the education system. Few are
making it through to college.
"I just think it's time for Americans to sort of shift our gaze to boys and see what we can do to nurture boys and give boys the
life skills that maybe we automatically teach to girls but that I think boys are left out of."  
 First Lady Laura Bush, January 2005
Dr. Rosa Smith's December 2002 letter (page 1 and page 2) offered some suggestions.  Two of them appear below.  Imagine
what might happen if people in the community spent time "researching state data" and "analyzing local data" as a sign of
interest in how black males benefit from the rigorous academic programs and classes offered in Hillsborough County Schools.

State School Commissions/Superintendents:
Research state data on black male students and address the research findings and recommendations in your states, making
the progress of black boys the benchmark for educational excellence.

School District Superintendents:
Analyze local data and include the improvement of black boys as a separate requirement in the local accountability systems.  
Give merit pay to educators who significantly raise the academic results for black boys.